Which of the following groups of words are built around a similar morpheme? Select all that apply. Show a. civilian, civilization, civilized, civic Sets found in the same folderRecommended textbook solutions
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Terms in this set (96)Which of the following are components of language? Words used by a community ______ involves how sounds are used and how sounds are combined. Phonology ______ refers to the units of meaning involved in word formation. Morphology We realize that the sentence "You didn't stay, didn't you?" is unacceptable and ambiguous because we understand: syntax. We understand that the word boy refers to a child and the word man refers to an adult because we understand: semantics. ______ is a form of communication that is based on a system of symbols. Language An example of ______ is how in English some words start with sch as in school, but no words start with the cluster chs. phonology If you say "Hey, Buddy!" when greeting your friend but "Hello, Mrs. Berra" when greeting your teacher, you are demonstrating that you understand: pragmatics. The word helper has ______ morphemes. 2 The way words are combined to form acceptable phrases and sentences is called: syntax. What is the term for the production of strings of consonant-vowel combinations such as "ma-ma-ma"? Babbling "The car talked the girl into buying an apple" is ______ correct but ______ incorrect. syntactically; semantically An infant waving bye-bye is an example of a(n):
gesture. If an infant exhibits a lack of pointing in his communication system, which statement is most likely to be true? The infant might have a problem in his communication system and should be assessed for possible developmental disabilities. The appropriate use of language in different contexts refers to the ______ of language. pragmatics Which of the five systems of rules of language has the function of marking tense and number? morphemes Kuhl's research showed that in the first six months of life infants are "citizens of the world," meaning they: recognize sound changes no matter what the language.
Which activity do infants first demonstrate to get their needs met? Crying For an infant, statistical learning involves: extracting information from the world to learn about the environment. At what age do infants begin gesturing? 8-12 months
By as early as ______ months of age, an infant can recognize his or her name when someone says it. 5 Language experts consider pointing to be an important index of the ______ aspects of language. social Which of the following terms refers to the appropriate use of language in different contexts? By their first birthday, infants lose the ability to recognize differences in sounds not important in their own language. In statistical learning, infants soak up statistical regularities in the world through: exposure. The first words for English-speaking and Romance-language-speaking infants are usually: nouns. Words a child understands constitute ______ vocabulary. receptive At 18 months, the average infant can speak about ______ words. 50 MacKenzie is 18 months old. Her family has a white poodle for a pet, and MacKenzie has learned that the poodle is a puppy. She refuses to call any other dog "puppy." In what is MacKenzie engaging? Underextension Which of the following is NOT an example of telegraphic speech? A child says "My daddy gives Carter the cookie." At what age do children begin to transition from simple sentences to complex sentences? 24 to 36 months Words a child uses are called the _____ vocabulary spoken Which of the following statements is true regarding language development in childhood? The timing of a child's first word and the timing of the vocabulary spurt vary. Jeffrey is an infant who has learned the word dada. To his mother's embarrassment, Jeffrey calls his father, his uncle, his brother, and any male stranger he sees "dada." What is Jeffrey engaging in? Overextension The use of plural and possessive forms of nouns, prepositions, and the various forms of the verb to be demonstrates a child's understanding of: morphology rules. The use of short and precise words without grammatical markers such as articles, auxiliary verbs, and other connectives is called telegraphic speech. True or false: According to some experts, between 18 months and 6 years of age, young children learn words at the rate of one new word every waking hour. True ______ vocabulary refers to words a child understands. receptive Which statements are true about fast mapping? (Choose every correct answer.) It allows children to learn word meanings in a deeper sense. The "vocabulary spurt," when it happens, usually occurs between ______ and 24 months. 18 Which of the following is key to the development of young children's vocabulary? Consideration of grammar and vocabulary By the time a child is 3 years old he or she can produce all of the ______ sounds. vowel Which statement is true regarding telegraphic speech? Telegraphic speech is not limited to two words. Young children learn early to place a wh- word at the beginning of a sentence when properly asking a question. This shows advances in: syntax. Rebecca, a 6-year-old, is very good at carrying on conversations with people. Her two-year-old brother Jack is not very good at carrying on conversations. This is primarily due to Rebecca's greater understanding of: pragmatics. ______ mapping describes the ability of children to make an initial connection between a word and its referent after limited exposure. fast Which of the following activities is LEAST likely to aid in the development of preschoolers' literacy skills? watching TV Select all of the following that are ways to learn words. (Select all that apply) Children learn words for things that interest them. What new skills do children gain upon entering school? (Select all that apply) Increasing use of language to talk about things that are not physically present Categorization becomes easier for children because their vocabulary increases from an average of about ______ words at age 6 to an average of about ______ words by age 11. 14,000; 40,000 Which statements describe the advances in pragmatics in early childhood? (Select all that apply) Young children can learn rules regarding politeness in conversations. Before learning to read, which must a child be able to do? (Select all that apply) Use language to talk about things that are not present True or false: Researchers suggest that instruction to enhance U.S. children's ability to read and write should be built on skills that the children already know. true
Which of the following are characteristic of the whole-language approach? (Choose every correct answer.) Children are given material in its complete form, such as stories and poems. As children enter school, they learn the ______ principle—the fact that the letters of the alphabet represent sounds of the language. alphabetic In the ______ approach to reading instruction, the main focus is learning the rules for translating written symbols (the printed alphabet) into sounds. phonics During middle and late childhood, children also make progress in understanding how to use language in culturally appropriate ways, which is best described as: pragmatics. According to research, which of the following methods should be emphasized in reading instruction? phonics True or false: Before learning to read, children generally learn to use language to talk about things that are not present, learn what a word is, and learn how to recognize sounds and talk about them. True Which of the following is NOT a metacognitive strategy of effective reading teachers? Focusing on each individual word In classrooms adopting a ______ approach, beginning readers are taught to recognize words or even entire sentences and to use the context of what they read to guess at the meaning of words. whole-language Which statement is true of children in early elementary grades that reverse letters such as b and d and p and q? Absent other developmental problems, it does not predict literacy problems. What cognitive ability is especially important for good writing? Organization The approach to reading instruction that emphasizes the importance of teaching the basic rules for translating written symbols into sounds is called the ______ approach phonics Which of the following can teachers use to encourage writing skills? (Choose every correct answer.) Strategy
instruction An increasing number of experts in the field of reading now conclude that a key aspect in learning to read is direct instruction in phonics As children's processing of words and passages becomes more automatic, their reading becomes more: fluent
When learning a second language, which group tend to learn faster but attain a lower final level of second-language attainment? Adults Michael is beginning to print his first name; Michael is most likely how old? 4 Which skills are most important to becoming a good writer? (Choose every correct answer.) being receptive to feedback Which of the following is LEAST likely to increase students' writing competence? Whole-language instruction The only technologically advanced Western nation that does NOT have a national foreign-language requirement at the high school level is: the United States For late language learners like adolescents and adults, it is easier to learn new ______ than it is to learn new sounds or new grammar. vocabulary A byproduct of subtractive bilingualism is that children: become ashamed of their home language. True or false: Students in the United States are far behind their counterparts in many developed countries in learning a second language. true Which term refers to an implied comparison between unlike things? Metaphor Compared to adults who are learning a second language, childhood second-language learners are ______. (Select all that apply) less sensitive to feedback Some immigrant children go from being monolingual in their home language to being bilingual in that language and in English, only to end up as monolingual speakers of English. What is the term for this phenomenon? Subtractive bilingualism A good example of satire is: caricatures. Which of the following is LEAST likely to decline as someone reaches late adulthood? vocabulary With what is Broca's area associated? The production of words
Adolescents can think abstractly. This enables them to create a comparison between unlike things, which is called a: Aphasia True or false: According to Chomsky, children's language acquisition device provides them with the ability to form plural words. true The use of irony, derision, or wit to expose folly or wickedness is described as: satire. Which of the following statements about the role of TV in language development is accurate? It is only effective if a caregiver cowatches it and communicates about it with the child. The difficulty in retrieving words that occurs more often in late adulthood is referred to as the tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon. True or false: Because child-directed speech is like "baby talk," it is linked to stunted language development in children. false What region of the brain is associated with comprehension of language? Wernicke's area The rephrasing of something the child has said, perhaps by turning it into a question or restating an immature utterance in a grammatically correct sentence, describes: recasting. Someone who has poor comprehension and often produces fluent but incomprehensible speech may have damage to what region of the brain? Wernicke's area Parents and teachers who provide a rich verbal learning environment for children do which of the following to attain positive outcomes? (Choose every correct answer.) label things in the their environment Chomsky believed that children are born into the world with a language: acquisition device. Which of the following are social interactions that are important in language development? (Select all that apply) Caregiver responsiveness child-______ speech consists of language spoken in a higher pitch than normal with simple words and sentences. directed ______ is naming objects that children seem interested in. Labeling Which view of language acquisition emphasizes both the biological and the experiential contribution to language development? The interactionist view The addition of information to a child's incomplete utterance is identified as expanding Sets found in the same folderLifespan - Chapter 10157 terms KaijuPapaPLUS Lifespan - Chapter 9142 terms KaijuPapaPLUS PSYC 2306 Exam 2173 terms corissa_lee5 Developmental Psychology : Chapter 479 terms kyliecampbell2024 Other sets by this creatordeath97 terms kenzxclark Chapter 13: Substance Use and Misuse81 terms kenzxclark Chapter 12: Cancer81 terms kenzxclark M7: Chapter 16: Schools, Achievement, and Work Mas…9 terms kenzxclark Recommended textbook solutions
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At what age can most children produce all the vowel sounds and most of the consonant sounds quizlet?‣Beyond 2 years old. ‣During the preschool years, most children gradually become more sensitive to the sounds of spoken words and increasingly capable of producing all the sounds of their language. by their third birthday they can produce all the vowel sounds and most of the consonant sounds.
At what age do you see a spike in the vocabulary of a child?Sometime around 18 months, most children experience a “word spurt” (or “naming explosion”) that leads to large increases in their spoken vocabulary. Although 18 months is a common age for this increase, it can occur in children between the ages of 15 and 24 months.
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