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Review Biological factors in schizophrenia. Structural and functional aspectsE K Syvälahti. Br J Psychiatry Suppl. 1994 Apr. AbstractA number of factors have been proposed as being linked to schizophrenia: genetic, psychological, endocrinological, metabolic, environmental, virological, and auto-immunological factors, as well as neurotransmitter systems and structural disorders of the brain. All may act as predisposing, triggering, or functionally modulating factors in what probably a condition composed of several types of disorder with varying aetiology. Neuroanatomical and neuromorphological data have revealed ventricular enlargement and diminished frontal and temporal lobe volume in some patients. These changes are concentrated particularly in the hippocampus/parahippocampal gyrus/amygdala, but are relatively small and span some overlap with healthy subjects. Twin studies suggest that at least some of these changes may result from other than genetic factors. Functional disturbances of the brain have also been connected with frontal and temporal structures in some schizophrenic patients. Of the single neurotransmitter substances, dopamine and serotonin appear to represent some of the central restitutive mechanisms whose function is to maintain mental stability; the understanding of their interplay with other neurotransmitters such as noradrenaline, acetylcholine, GABA, and glutamate, should provide a more integrated view of both normal and disturbed brain function. Similar articles
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What are 5 causes of schizophrenia?Triggers are other factors that may also play a role in the development of schizophrenia in those who are at risk.. abuse (emotional, physical, or sexual). a breakup or divorce.. death of a loved one.. job loss.. What are 4 biological explanations for schizophrenia?A number of factors have been proposed as being linked to schizophrenia: genetic, psychological, endocrinological, metabolic, environmental, virological, and auto-immunological factors, as well as neurotransmitter systems and structural disorders of the brain.
What are the risk factors associated with the likelihood of developing schizophrenia?Environmental risk factors include various prenatal and perinatal stressors, infectious agents, childhood and adulthood trauma, advanced paternal age and substance misuse. There have also been increased rates of schizophrenia in migrants and in particular ethnic minority groups.
What are the two main causes hypothesized for schizophrenia?The dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia postulates that hyperactivity of dopamine D2 receptor neurotransmission in subcortical and limbic brain regions contributes to positive symptoms of schizophrenia, whereas negative and cognitive symptoms of the disorder can be attributed to hypofunctionality of dopamine D1 ...
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