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Terms in this set (51)
A) Aluminum or copper
1. The metal filters contained in a film badge are generally composed of which of the following materials?
A) Aluminum or copper
B) Aluminum or lead
C) Zinc or copper
D) Lead or zinc
D) 3 months
What is the maximum period of time that a thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD) may be worn as a personnel dosimeter?
A) 1 hour
B) 1 week
C) 1 month
D) 3 months
C) These devices are all used for personnel monitoring
What do film badges, optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dosimeters, pocket ionization chambers, and thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs) have in common?
A)
These devices are all used for area monitoring
B) These devices all use the same sensing material to detect ionizing radiation
C) These devices are all used for personnel monitoring
D) Each of these devices can only be used for personnel monitoring for a maximum of 6 months
B) Ionization chamber-type survey meter
Which of the following instruments is called a cutie pie?
A) Geiger-Muller
detector
B) Ionization chamber-type survey meter
C) Optically stimulated luminescence dosimeter
D) Proportional counter
C) Geiger-Muller detector
Which of the following instruments has a check source of a weak, long-lived radioisotope located on one side of its external surface to verify its constancy each day?
A) Pocket dosimeter
B) Proportional counter
C) Geiger-Muller detector
D)
Ionization chamber-type survey meter
B) Optically stimulated luminescence dosimeter
Which of the following devices uses an aluminum oxide detector?
A) Film badge
B) Optically stimulated luminescence dosimeter
C) Pocket ionization chamber
D) Thermoluminescent dosimeter
B) Increased sensitivity
In diagnostic imaging, the ______________ of the optically stimulated luminescence dosimeter makes it ideal for monitoring employees working in low-radiation environments and for pregnant workers.
A) Decreased sensitivity
B) Increased sensitivity
C) Lack of sensitivity
D) Unaffected sensitivity
C) Charged electrodes
Which of the following items is not a basic component of the film badge dosimeter?
A)
Radiographic film packet
B) Durable plastic film holder
C) Charged electrodes
D) Assortment of metal filters
C) Pocket ionization chamber
Which of the following personnel dosimeters resembles an ordinary fountain pen externally?
A) Film badge
B) Optically stimulated luminescence dosimeter
C) Pocket ionization chamber
D) Thermoluminescent dosimeter
B) An audio amplifier and speaker
Which component(s) of the Geiger-Muller detector alert(s) the operator to the presence of ionizing radiation?
A) The shield covering the probe's sensitivity chamber
B) An audio amplifier and speaker
C) The metal that encloses the counter's gas-filled tube
D) The meter scale
A) They are all equally sensitive in the detection of ionizing radiation
Which of the following is not true about area monitoring instruments?
A) They are all equally sensitive in the detection of ionizing radiation
B) They detect and measure radiation
C) They are durable enough to withstand normal use
D) They are reliable
D) 1%
In keeping with the ALARA concept, most health care facilities issue personnel dosimetry devices when personnel might receive about ____________________ of the annual occupational EfD limit in any one month.
A) 25%
B) 10%
C) 5%
D) 1%
A) Assess compliance with ALARA guidelines
The RSO in a health care facility receives and reviews personnel monitoring reports to:
A) Assess compliance with ALARA guidelines
B) Assess compliance with National Academy of Sciences guidelines
C)
Gather information to compile a press report
D) Meet guidelines established by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)
B) Man-made sources (Medical imaging)
What is the primary source of radiation exposure for most people in the United States?
A) Natural radiation
B) Man-made sources (Medical imaging)
C) Radiotherapy
D) Occupational exposure
D) Coulombs per kilogram
How is the SI unit for radiation exposure expressed?
A) Watts
B) Coulombs per gram
C) Microcoulombs per kilogram
D) Coulombs per kilogram
E) None of the above
C) No level of radiation exposure is safe
What is the basis for the National Council on Radiation Protection's exposure recommendations?
A) Risk
decreases as radiation dose increases
B) Threshold levels increase as radiation doses increase
C) No level of radiation exposure is safe
D) Each individual has a unique "safe" threshold level
B) To provide warning of excess radiation exposure
What is the purpose of personnel monitoring?
A) To protect against exposure
B) To provide warning of excess radiation exposure
C) To implement
corrective measures
D) To discipline employees
B) On the front of the body at waist or collar level
During routine radiographic procedures when a protective apron is not being worn, where should a personnel monitoring device be worn?
A) On the back pocket below waist level
B) On the front of the body at waist or collar level
C) On a wrist band
D) A personnel monitoring device does not need to
be worn
D) All of the above
What procedures produce a high risk of exposure for diagnostic imaging personnel?
A) Fluoroscopy
B) Special radiographic procedures
C) Mobile radiography
D) All of the above
A) An estimate of true dose equivalent must be made
What key action must be taken when a personnel monitoring device has been inadvertently exposed or lost?
A)An estimate of true dose equivalent must be made
B) The employee should be disciplined
C) The employee should be enrolled in a radiation safety course
D) Answers (b) and (c) only
D) All of the above
What are G-M detectors used for?
A) To detect radioactive particles or photons in nuclear medicine facilities
B) To determine radioactive
contamination in an area
C) To locate misplaced, lost, or hidden radioactive material
D) All of the above
E) None of the above
C) Cutie pie
Which of the following is an area monitoring instrument used to measure the exposure rates (mr/hr) at various distances for a patient who has received a radioactive material for therapeutic reasons?
A) TLD
B) G-M detector
C) Cutie pie
D) Proportional
counter
D) Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen
Who discovered x-rays?
A) Marie Curie
B) Thomas Edison
C) The International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurement
D) Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen
E) None of the above
C) 1980
When were SI units adopted by the ICRU for use with ionizing radiation?
A) 1895
B)
1985
C) 1980
D) 1904
E) 1930
C) Radiation from natural sources
Which of the following is a source of radiation in the "public exposure" category?
A) Workplace radiation
B) Medical diagnostic radiation
C) Radiation from natural sources
D) Radiation from medical treatment
A) Radon
What is the greatest source of natural radiation?
A) Radon
B) Bricks and masonry material
C) Cosmic radiation from space
D) Tobacco smoke
C) Radiation beam size
What is the critical element in surface integral exposure?
A) Patient health
B) Patient age
C) Radiation beam size
D) None of the above
A) The amount of energy per unit mass absorbed by the irradiated object
What is the absorbed dose?
A) The amount of energy per unit mass absorbed by the irradiated object
B) The total dose size
C) The amount of energy of the radiation that enters the body
D) The amount of energy of radiation that exits the body
A) Lead
Which of the following absorbs the most radiation?
A) Lead
B) Bone
C) Soft tissue
D)
Skin
E) Organs
C) Absorbed dose times the quality factor
What is the dose equivalent value?
A) Absorbed dose times SI unit
B) Quality factor divided by SI unit
C) Absorbed dose times the quality factor
D) SI unit divided by the quality factor
D) 1.5 mSv
As determined by the NCRP, what is the average annual effective whole-body dose equivalent for exposed workers in the medical field? Objective 5
A) 15.0 mSv
B) 15.0 Sv
C) 150 mSv
D) 1.5 mSv
B) Whole-body radiation accumulated at a low rate over a long period
What do film badge dosimeters measure?
A) Radiation exposure to a specific part of the body from a single exposure event only
B) Whole-body radiation accumulated at a low rate over a long
period
C) Whole-body radiation from a single exposure event only
D) Whole-body radiation accumulated at a rapid rate over a short period of time, usually one week
D) Any of the above
If a film badge reveals excessive radiation from scatter, what could be the reason?
A) Poor work habits
B) Standing too close to a patient during a radiographic exposure
C) A poorly designed radiographic
facility
D) Any of the above
E) None of the above
E) All of the above
What is (are) the advantages(s) of a film badge? Objective 5
A) Inexpensive, easy to handle
B) Provides permanent record of personnel exposure
C) Indicates direction from which the radiation reached the dosimetry film
D) Simple to process without false readings
E) All of the above
B) Lithium fluoride in crystalline form
What is the sensing material used in thermoluminescent dosimeter?
A) Radiation-dosimetry film
B) Lithium fluoride in crystalline form
C) Aluminum filters
D) Copper filters
E) Lightweight plastic
E) All of the above
What is (are) the advantages(s) of a TLD?
A) More sensitive and more accurate than
film badge dosimeter; can be reused
B) Measures a wide range of exposure and can be worn of up to three months
C) Not affected by heat and humidity within normal ranges
D) Answers (a) and (b) only
E) All of the above
C) Immediate exposure readout
What is the primary advantage of pocket ionization chambers?
A) Low cost
B) Permanent dosage record
C) Immediate exposure readout
D)
Resistance to temperature and humidity extremes
E) Ease of use
C) Survey instruments detect the presence or absence of radiation
What is the primary difference between radiation survey instruments and personnel dosimetry devices?
A) Survey instruments cost less
B) Survey instruments provide instant readout
C) Survey instruments detect the presence or absence of radiation
D) Survey instruments
can be used only once
E) All of the above
What is the "cutie pie" gas-filled radiation detector generally used for?
A) To monitor diagnostic radiation when exposure times of 2 seconds or more are used
B) To measure the fluoroscopic scatter radiation exposure rate
C) To measure exposure to patients who have ingested radioactive materials for therapy
D) To measure cumulative exposure outside
protective barriers
E) All of the above
sievert
Which radiation units are used for: Dose equivalent?
coulombs/kilogram (c/kg)
Which radiation units are used for: Exposure?
gray
Which radiation units are used for: Absorbed dose (amount of energy(per unit mass) absorbed)?
dose equivalent- sievert
Which radiation units are used for: Uses a quality factor to adjust the adsorbed dose value for different types of radiation?
500mSv
What is the equivalent dose limit for; occupational exposure to the skin, hands & feet?
50mSv
What is the equivalent dose limit for; annual occupational effective dose limit?
150 mSv
What is the equivalent dose limit for; lens of the eye?
10mSv x age in years
Write the formula for calculating lifetime cumulative effective dose limit (CED) (CumEfD)?
Contains 2 charged electrodes- when charged electrodes are exposed to radiation the air in the chamber causes the electrodes to discharge in direct proportion to the amount of radiation received.
Identify the material used to absorb radiation or act as the detector in: Pocket ionization chamber
Uses film that is similar to dental film
Identify the material used to absorb radiation or act as the detector in: Film badge
Lithium fluoride crystal (LiF)
Identify the material used to absorb radiation or act as the detector in: Thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD)
Aluminum Oxide (AL2O3 )
Identify the material used to absorb radiation or act as the detector in: Optically stimulated luminescence (OSL)
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